According to the latest SIPRI Report 2026, India now possesses approximately 190 nuclear warheads, with at least 12 reportedly deployed alongside delivery systems such as missiles, submarines, or combat aircraft. This marks the first time SIPRI has described a portion of India's nuclear arsenal as operationally deployed rather than solely stockpiled.
For decades, India was believed to maintain a separation between nuclear warheads and their launch systems during peacetime. The new report suggests that some warheads may now be integrated with launch platforms or stationed at operational military bases, allowing for quicker response capabilities if required.
The report highlights India's growing focus on strengthening its nuclear deterrence amid regional security concerns involving China and Pakistan. India's nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines, including INS Arighat and INS Aridaman, are also reported to be conducting deterrence patrols, enhancing the country's second-strike capability.
SIPRI estimates Pakistan possesses around 170 nuclear warheads, though none are believed to be operationally deployed. The report also notes that India continues to expand its nuclear infrastructure and capabilities.
Separately, the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN) reported that global spending on nuclear weapons reached a record level in 2025. India reportedly spent approximately $2.8 billion on its nuclear programme during the year.
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